Java Abstract Class

Java abstract class

Created By: chatGPT

In Java, an abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated on its own and typically contains one or more abstract methods that must be implemented by its subclasses. An abstract class is used to provide a base for subclasses to extend, allowing for a common interface while implementing specific behaviors in subclasses.

public abstract class Animal {
    // Abstract method
    public abstract void makeSound();

    // Concrete method
    public void eat() {
        System.out.println("Eating...");
    }
}

Subclasses that extend this abstract class must implement the abstract methods defined in it. Here's an example of how to implement a subclass that inherits from the Animal class.

public class Dog extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void makeSound() {
        System.out.println("Bark");
    }
}

You can have multiple subclasses that each provide their own implementation of the abstract methods. This allows you to utilize polymorphism. Here’s another example with a Cat subclass.

public class Cat extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void makeSound() {
        System.out.println("Meow");
    }
}

To use these classes, you would create instances of the subclasses and call their methods. Here's how you can do this.

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal dog = new Dog();
        dog.makeSound();  // Outputs: Bark
        dog.eat();       // Outputs: Eating...

        Animal cat = new Cat();
        cat.makeSound();  // Outputs: Meow
        cat.eat();       // Outputs: Eating...
    }
}